Moslem geographers contributed greatly to the development of geography during the middle Ages. This article focuses on their attitudes and their views of the world.
The article first reviews the basic principles of Islamic world view and then examines Moslem geographers perceptions of the universe, earth, heavenly sphere, seven climates, and the variety seen in the world. This study suggests that medieval Moslem geographers believed in the existence of a' vertical determinism, dominating the earth extra terrestrially. This basic tenet served to analyze and explain various geographical conditions of different regions in the world.
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